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[heavy] Jianzhi instrument MOEMS array spot detection technology
In recent years, Raman spectroscopy has become a widely adopted technique in fields such as food safety, biomedicine, molecular structure analysis, chemical processes, biochemistry, archaeological and cultural relic identification, public security, legal sample analysis, anti-terrorism, and more. Known as "molecular fingerprinting," Raman spectroscopy is highly valued for its non-destructive, convenient, fast, and stable characteristics, making it a powerful tool in optical inspection.
However, despite its widespread use, the traditional Raman method relies on focused measurement, which can be problematic when dealing with certain types of samples. Due to the object-image conjugate relationship, only the optical signals emitted by the spectrometer’s slit image point are collected. This means that the Raman signal achieves maximum collection efficiency when the excitation laser is precisely focused at this point. To achieve higher resolution, the slit width of a dispersive spectrometer is typically just a few tens of micrometers, requiring precise focusing during Raman detection. While this is convenient for some applications—such as studying cell bodies within natural gemstones—it can also lead to issues in other scenarios.
For example, dark matter absorbs most of the laser power, potentially causing the sample to burn. When analyzing cultural relics or paintings, there is a risk of damaging the artwork. In cases involving explosives like black powder, potassium chlorate, or potassium perchlorate, the high focus could even lead to direct detonation. These risks are illustrated below:
[Image: Risk of burning or detonation due to focused laser]
Additionally, because Raman spectroscopy is based on point measurement, it may not be representative when analyzing non-uniform samples. If the target compound isn’t located at the measurement point, the results could be misleading. For instance, measuring a jade bracelet with glue injection might result in a false positive if no glue is detected at the spot. Similarly, when testing multi-component solid drugs, the system might detect only the auxiliary material instead of the active ingredient. These limitations are shown below:
[Image: Misidentification due to non-uniform sample composition]
To address these challenges, several technologies have been developed:
1. **ORS Moving Spot Technology**: This approach reduces exposure time at each location to avoid ignition. However, the mechanical movement often results in uneven distribution of the spot, leading to localized heating. The optomechanical design is complex and can reduce reliability, especially in high-risk situations.
2. **TRS Transmission Technology**: This method requires large, flaky samples and is limited by numerical aperture. It suffers from poor optical efficiency and a narrow measurement range, making it unsuitable for many practical applications.
3. **Non-Focus Large Spot Technique**: Although this method expands the illumination area, it violates the focus measurement principle, resulting in significant loss of light collection efficiency. Even with reflective cavities, optical efficiency drops by an order of magnitude.
All three methods still limit the spot size to the millimeter level, which is insufficient for many real-world applications. Moreover, the second and third techniques significantly degrade signal quality, reducing the ability to distinguish between different samples.
How can we achieve a large-area Raman detection with uniform laser distribution without sacrificing optical efficiency? Inspired by the compound eyes of insects, scientists have developed a new approach. Compound eyes consist of multiple small lenses that work together to provide a wide field of view and rapid response. This concept led to the invention of the "flying eye camera," capable of capturing images across multiple depths simultaneously.
By mimicking this structure, researchers have designed a system where countless small lenses focus the excitation light across the focal plane. Each lens functions as an independent optical system, allowing the spectrometer slit and sample excitation position to maintain an object-image conjugate relationship. This enables coverage over a wide detection area, transforming Raman spectroscopy from a "point measurement" to a "surface measurement."
This breakthrough is the first MOEMS array spot detection technology introduced by Jianzhi Instruments. It not only prevents sample damage caused by high laser intensity but also marks a major advancement in Raman detection. By optimizing traditional single-lens designs into array microlenses, Jianzhi has achieved a detection range of centimeters. The energy per spot is reduced by 1–2 orders of magnitude, with hundreds of evenly distributed spots maintaining high numerical aperture and receiving efficiency.
The technology ensures absolute safety, especially for dangerous samples, with single-point power below 5 mW. It eliminates the risk of burning or detonating hazardous materials while maintaining ultra-high Raman acceptance efficiency. This innovation allows accurate detection of dark objects and avoids misidentification in mixed samples.
Jianzhi Instrument recently unveiled this technology at the On-site Rapid Inspection Technology Development Summit Forum and the 2019 Brief Wisdom New Product Conference, marking a key step in Raman technology innovation. In 2019, the new Easy-Raman EV series handheld Raman spectroscopy products will feature MOEMS array spot detection technology, promising safer and more reliable performance. Stay tuned for the next generation of portable Raman systems.