Soil Factors Influencing Water Absorption of Crop Roots

The factors affecting root water absorption generally include root self factors, soil factors, and atmospheric factors that affect transpiration. Because the root system is the most important way for crops to absorb water and nutrients, it is often necessary to use a root analysis system to conduct research and analysis on crop roots in agricultural cultivation and scientific research. Among factors that affect water absorption in roots, atmospheric factors affect water absorption by influencing transpiration and indirectly affect water absorption. In this paper, soil factors affecting root water absorption are mainly discussed.

1. Water content can be used in soil

Plants primarily extract water from the soil through the roots, so the soil moisture directly affects root water absorption. Not all of the water in the soil can be used by the plants. The difference in the water content between the soil water and the unused water is the water absorption of the plants from the soil. In essence, the roots and the soil particles grab moisture from each other. For the plants and the Kyrgyzstan, there is a total of available water in the soil that exceeds the avalanche point. The soil water potential scale is 0.05 to 0.3 MPa. When the soil moisture content drops, the soil solution water potential also decreases: The water potential between the roots of the solution decreases, and water absorption in the roots slows down, causing the water content of the plants to decrease. When the soil moisture reaches the avalanche point, the water absorption in the roots is simply stopped, and the leaf cells cannot maintain the turgor pressure, and the leaves are wilted, which makes the plants grow indifferently. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the situation that the soil can use water. Develop irrigation methods and order diving. The amount of water that can be used in the soil is closely related to the thickness of the upper inspection and the amount of soil colloid. The amount of water that can be used in coarse sand, fine sand, sand environment, loam, and mud is successively reduced.

2. Soil ventilation

In well ventilated soils, the roots have strong water absorption, poor soil permeability, and water absorption. Experiment proved. The roots were treated with c02 to reduce respiratory metabolism. The water absorption of wheat, corn and rice seedlings decreased by 14% to 15%, especially in rice. If air was used, the water absorption increased.

Poor soil ventilation constitutes a difficulty in root water absorption. The primary factors are: O2 is lacking in the root system, cu2 is accumulated, and the respiration effect is impaired, affecting root water absorption. 2 Long-term anoxic roots undergo anaerobic respiration, occur and accumulate more ethanol, and are poisoned by root poisoning with less water absorption. 3 The soil is in a state of rejuvenation, combined with the activity of soil microorganisms, and some toxic substances have occurred, which are irritating to root growth and water absorption. The crop suffers, but it shows the lack of water performance, and its main reason is poor soil ventilation, according to the root water absorption. Poor soil moisture or soil compaction will cause poor ventilation. If the paddy field persists in the water layer for a long time, it will also reduce the partial pressure of oxygen in the soil and cause various toxic substances, resulting in “black root” or “root rot”. The method of cultivating fields and draining the fields is to increase the air permeability of the soil.

Plants that live in swamps or in water-filled soils for a long time have a customary mechanism for their layout and physiological functions. For example, there are large cell gaps and airways in the roots of rice, which are in communication with the cell gaps and airways of stems and leaves, and facilitate the transfer of oxygen from the stems of the leaves. Together, the roots have a strong glycolic acid oxidation pathway and release oxygen. Breathe. In the absence of oxygen in rice seedlings, cytochrome oxidizing bacteria can still maintain a certain activity.

3. Effect of soil temperature

The soil temperature but affecting the physiological and biochemical activities of the roots also affects the mobility of the soil water. Therefore, as the soil temperature progresses, the rate of water absorption and water transport in the roots accelerates, and vice versa; the temperature is too high or too low.

The reason why the humidity scale affects the water absorption in the root system is that: (1) The protoplasmic loading increases, the resistance to water increases, the water does not easily penetrate the cytoplasm, and the plant water absorption weakens. 9 The movement of water molecules slows down and the soaking effect decreases. 3 The growth of the root system was inhibited and the absorption area was reduced. 4 The respiratory rate of roots decreased, ion absorption weakened, and water absorption in roots was affected. High temperatures can cause the enzyme to passivate, affecting the decline of root vigor.

4. The concentration of soil solution

The concentration of soil solution is too high and its water potential decreases. If the water potential of the soil solution is lower than the water potential of the root system, the plant cannot absorb water, but it will lose water. In general, the soil solution concentration is low and the water potential is high. In the case of not less than one o.1MFa, there is little effect on root water absorption, but when the application of too much fertilizer or excessive concentration, the solution concentration in the root can be increased rapidly, preventing root water absorption,

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