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New energy car companies "cheat up" inside, the battery becomes the key to fraud
On August 1, the "Blue Book of New Energy Vehicles: China's New Energy Automobile Industry Development Report (2016)" was released. The promotion and application of new energy vehicles accelerated, and the industry developed rapidly. However, in the rapid development, there was inevitably a growing "worry." ". The battery becomes the key to "cheat"!
In the past two years, some car rental companies have obtained state and local subsidies through “false transactionsâ€; they have entrusted some institutions to purchase new energy vehicles, and after the completion of the subsidies, the car companies repurchased the core components such as car batteries. Form, the previously blended "cheat" is divided into returning customers.
In addition, some enterprises falsely upload certificates, some vehicles are not produced and they are on the cards; after obtaining vehicle subsidies, individual enterprises will disassemble and resell key components such as purchased vehicle batteries and motors, or convert them into traditional fuel vehicles. Sold to the rural market, forming an unhealthy and vicious ecological environment.
Since last year, the problem of “cheats†for new energy vehicles has surfaced. On August 1st, "Blue Book of New Energy Vehicles: China's New Energy Automobile Industry Development Report (2016)" was released. Liu Jinzhou, engineer of the New Energy Vehicle and Finance and Taxation Policy Research Office of China Automotive Technology and Research Center, introduced the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in China in 2015. The process is accelerating and the industry is developing rapidly, but in the rapid development, there is inevitably a growing "trouble".
"If the company falsely produces, registers, applies for subsidies, the products do not meet the requirements for conformity, the actual operation and utilization rate of the vehicles are low, and the business model innovation also has problems such as fish and pearls, which affects the healthy development of China's new energy automobile industry." Liu Jinzhou Say.
Deliberately "cheat"
Liu Jinzhou said that in the past year, he and other experts, such as Liu Bin, deputy director Fang Haifeng, director of the New Energy Vehicle and Fiscal and Tax Policy Research Office of China Automotive Technology Research Center, conducted a special investigation on the issue of “cheat compensation†for new energy vehicles.
In the same period, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Finance issued a document in January this year asking the provinces to conduct self-examination; the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology requested self-examination in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Anhui provinces, and went to Jiangsu with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Finance. Verification; In February of this year, the Ministry of Finance commissioned the Commissioner to conduct in-depth inspections of 25 provinces, cities and 90 enterprises; the General Office of the State Council also issued a document requesting 26 new energy vehicles to promote the application of provinces and cities for comprehensive self-examination, and the General Office of the State Council, The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Finance take the lead, and together with the Ministry of Public Security and other departments and industry organizations form five inspection teams, from the end of March 2016 to the beginning of April, to Hebei, Shanghai, etc. 15 Field inspections in various provinces and cities.
Liu Jinzhou said that since 2009, the state and local governments have vigorously supported the development of the new energy automobile industry, and introduced a series of incentive policies to encourage the production and use of new energy vehicles. However, the subsidy policy for some models has been superimposed by the national supplement and the land supplement. Some embarrassment.
Take the 6~8m pure electric bus as an example. According to the national policy of 2013~2015, the subsidy standard is 300,000 yuan/car. The local subsidy standard for most new energy vehicle demonstration and promotion cities is matched with the national 1:1, ie A 6~8m pure electric bus can receive a subsidy of up to 600,000 yuan, which is close to or exceeds the production cost of the vehicle, resulting in excessive subsidies.
In March 2016, the first company in the city of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Jim West Bus Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Jimsey") was exposed.
Jim West is a modified commercial vehicle manufacturer. It was established in August 2013. In March 2015, it began to produce new energy vehicles. The products are mainly 6-8 meters of new energy light passenger cars and van logistics vehicles. According to the national motor vehicle certification statistics, from March to May 2015, the number of certificates issued by Jim West was 23, 0 and 2. The number of electric vehicles in the first half of the year was only 25, and the explosive growth at the end of the year. In December, 2,905 certificates were uploaded in a single month, and the total annual output was 3,686.
Liu Jinzhou said that such enterprises are falsely uploading certificates to "cheat up". False upload certificate, the deliberate "cheat" approach may follow the following three steps: First, the manufacturer falsely uploads the vehicle certificate; second, the end user material fraud. For example, if five operating leasers of Jim West vehicles are purchased, the number of vehicles in the application materials is seriously different from the actual situation. These five enterprises should have 209 new energy vehicles, but only 20 vehicles are actually used. The remaining vehicles are still produced in Jim West; It is the manufacturer and the associated customer to draw up a purchase contract, deliver a small number of vehicles to the associated customers, and apply for a license, vehicle driving license and purchase subsidy to the government. According to experts' estimates, Jim West submitted 2,905 certificates according to the month of December. If all government subsidies are received, the subsidy will exceed 100 million yuan.
In addition, the promotion and application models of some products are inconsistent with the parameters of “Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturing Enterprises and Product Announcementsâ€. Some enterprises have virtual product performance standards, and individual vehicles even lack batteries. Among them, some vehicles can still obtain batteries in accordance with the “Announcement†information. Central and local financial subsidies. For example, in a passenger car factory in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the number of 30 pure electric bus battery packs registered in 2015 is inconsistent with the “Announcement†parameters. The “Announcement†parameters should be 7 sets of batteries per car, but only 5 sets per car. . Bulk plug-in gas-electric hybrid buses that are used by a local bus company in the central province are basically not used for charging due to the economical use of gas during operation.
The battery becomes the key to "cheat"
The survey also found that at the end of 2015, some enterprises signed a large number of orders, and there were internal reciprocal transactions in the form of transactions. The orders of some enterprises actually came from the same enterprise, and they belonged to the wholly-owned or holding subsidiaries in the capital relationship. For example, Suzhou Jim West has assets and interests related to Suzhou Sol and Suzhou Zhiche. Among them, Suzhou Sol is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Suzhou Jim West Battery Supplier. Suzhou Zhiqi is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Suzhou Jim West. Six companies in Suzhou Jim West, Suzhou Sol, Suzhou Zhiche, Suzhou Gaochuang, Suzhou Jade, and Suzhou Yikang have attempted to defraud new energy vehicle subsidies.
The survey found that in the "cheat" of new energy vehicles, the battery of the vehicle became the key carrier of "cheat". In new energy vehicles, because the main components of vehicles such as the body, seats, power batteries, and tires cannot be traced uniquely, there is room for unscrupulous companies to profit by disassembling and reselling these components. Among them, the battery serial number and the frame number are not strong, and it is difficult to respond one by one. Many of the vehicles can use the same battery, which causes some enterprises to apply for financial subsidies through battery disassembly and reuse.
Liu Jinzhou said that it is difficult to make a comprehensive evaluation of the overall industry "cheat", but in general, the "cheat" behavior of new energy vehicles only exists in some regions, some enterprises, and some models.
From the perspective of models, commercial vehicles have more “cheats†than passenger cars; from the perspective of the region, most of the “scams†​​are concentrated in areas that are subsidized according to the national 1:1 standard; from the perspective of enterprises, mainstream enterprises actively invest The development of new energy vehicles, and the lack of technical strength of enterprises "cheat" is more likely; from the user point of view, the private sector of the terminal consumption of "cheat" behavior is less, some public areas "cheat" behavior.
Liu Jinzhou analyzed that the deep-seated causes of “cheat compensation†are that enterprises are deliberately “cheated†by interests, and multi-level subsidies lead to excessive subsidies. The survey found that some localities subsidized the purchase of vehicles in accordance with state subsidies, and the support in the application environment construction and other fields was obviously insufficient, resulting in the subsidies of some new energy vehicles (such as 6-8 meters passenger cars) approaching or even exceeding the models. cost. According to the verification, taking a light passenger car in the Yangtze River Delta as an example, the unit price of the enterprise procurement contract is 538,000 yuan, deducting the state subsidy of 300,000 yuan, the provincial subsidy of 81,600 yuan, and the municipal subsidy of 12,240 yuan. If all subsidies are in place, the actual purchase The unit price is only 24,000 yuan, far lower than the actual cost value of the car.
"The local government deliberately defrauded the company's delinquency of supervision." Liu Jinzhou said that the state subsidies should be allocated in accordance with the actual situation of new energy vehicles, and the funds should be strictly controlled to ensure that the subsidy funds are safe and effective. According to the state subsidy fund disbursement process, the vehicles produced by the enterprise should be applied for subsidies to the state at a level after the factory is qualified and the cards are sold. The local government should strictly check the subsidy information of local enterprises.
However, in actual operation, some places have relaxed relevant audits and supervision under the pressure of the promotion and application of new energy vehicles. Some enterprises have obtained vehicle licenses when the vehicles are not delivered.
Zhang Shulin, the former executive vice chairman of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said that the current exposure of individual companies to illegally “cheat up†or rush to pursue subsidies should be a cause for the industry. Chen Qingtai, chairman of the China Electric Vehicle Hundred People's Association, also said, "If you engage in fraudulent compensation and pursue small benefits, regardless of quality, it completely violates the country's intention to develop new energy vehicles."
Experts suggest that companies that have been defrauded and compensated will be severely punished, and the results will be announced to the public, and they will no longer be eligible for subsidies. Improve the technical threshold for new energy vehicle products to enter the catalogue, raise standards in safety, reliability and consistency of the whole vehicle, and highlight the policy orientation of encouraging advanced, supportive and strong. The local government will transfer the subsidy funds to support the use of new energy vehicles, focusing on research and development of preferential policies in the use process, making local financial funds more used for charging infrastructure construction and operation, preventing central and local multiple purchase subsidies. Excessive subsidies.
In addition, experts also suggested that the unique coding system for power batteries should be established as soon as possible to strengthen production consistency supervision, accelerate the study and formulation of policies after subsidies, and establish a long-term mechanism for market-oriented development.