3.3 Multi-energy Complementary Integrated Energy Power System The new generation power system will be produced along with China's energy transformation and will no longer be an isolated power production and consumption system, but will be a major component of the new generation energy system. It will be an extension of the smart grid concept to an integrated energy system under the new situation. According to the actual situation of China's comprehensive energy utilization, it can be divided into two types: 1) Source-end base integrated energy power system. In the western region of China, various types of renewable energy are abundant, and there is huge potential for future power generation. However, due to transmission corridors and technical factors, the capacity of West-to-East power transmission is difficult to exceed 600 million kW, and a large amount of electricity is consumed as much as possible. On the outside, it must also be converted into other forms of energy for easy storage and transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a source-side integrated energy power system in the northwestern part of China to realize energy sources such as hydropower, wind power, solar power generation, and clean coal power, and to store energy through the HVDC transmission network to achieve multi-energy complementarity to the east-to-east power transmission; , Industrial power consumption and other ways to absorb on the spot; Electrolytic hydrogen, methane, etc. are used on-site or sent via natural gas pipelines. 2) Terminal consumption integrated energy power system. Such systems are mainly found in the eastern part of China. The construction goal is to increase energy efficiency and reduce total energy consumption. At present, China's energy and power production mainly through thermal power generation, the corresponding efficiency is only 30% to 40%, so it is necessary to establish an integrated energy power system to improve the efficiency of comprehensive energy utilization. The system mainly includes regional integrated energy systems based on various types of clean energy to meet the diverse needs of users; distributed energy sources that directly target all types of users under the active distribution network architecture plus various types of energy storage and clean energy microgrids. The distributed cooling, heating and power generation system based on natural gas and clean electricity is shown in Figure 14. The user-oriented integrated energy system architecture is shown in Figure 15. Multi-energy Complementary Integrated Energy Power System and the Impact of Future Technological Breakthroughs 3.4 Intelligent Integration of Physical Information and Energy Internet slightly 3.5 The decisive influence of technological breakthroughs The development of power systems is inextricably linked with advances in related technologies. For the new generation of power systems, the following aspects of technological development may have a disruptive impact on the power system. 1) High-efficiency and low-cost solar, wind power and grid-friendly technologies. The large-scale development and application of such technologies will subvert the traditional power generation methods, bid farewell to the era of fossil-fuel-based power production, and realize the energy production and consumption revolution. In fact, with the development of related technologies since 2000, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for large-scale terrestrial photovoltaics has fallen by 85%, and according to the US Department of Energy (DOE) estimates, Photovoltaic generation costs will drop to 3 cents/(kW?h) by 2030. Due to the short construction period of new energy compared with thermal power, hydropower, and nuclear power generation units, the construction period of 50MW wind power projects is approximately several months, and the construction period of MW-class photovoltaic power stations is less than six months. Therefore, under the condition that the cost is greatly reduced, the new energy installation will be reduced. The percentage will increase rapidly. 2) High-efficiency and low-cost long-life energy storage technology. The widespread application of such technologies will subvert the traditional power system operation mode and open up a new model of power production distribution. This will lay the foundation for the realization of a new generation power system with a high proportion or even 100% renewable energy in the future. The cost of lithium iron phosphate battery in 2015 is about RMB 3,000/kWh, and it is estimated to reach RMB 1,000/kWh in 2020; the overall cost of lithium-ion battery storage in 2016 is close to RMB 0.65/kWh. It is estimated that by 2030 it will reach 0.12 yuan/(kW?h), and the significant decline in the cost of energy storage systems will solve the problem of new energy generation fluctuations. In addition, it is expected that by 2030, ultra-high specific energy batteries represented by lithium-air batteries will have a specific energy of 8 to 10 kW·h/kg (gasoline calorific value of 5.94 kW·h/kg). Such ultra-high specific energy storage Energy technology is expected to change the form of power transmission/transmission/distribution/use of electricity. 3) High reliability and low loss power electronics technology. The popularization and application of such technologies will gradually replace the traditional transmission and distribution network dominated by AC transmission and form a new model of DC transmission and distribution networks and AC-DC hybrid transmission and distribution networks. On the one hand, the development of SiC and GaN equal-width forbidden-band power electronic devices will promote HVDC transmission and DC power grids with greater capacity, higher efficiency, and higher reliability. The HVDC breakers based on them are also DC grids. The main components of the system; on the other hand, AC FACTS devices and AC/DC energy routers that use new types of power electronic components are directly connected to the power grid, have a higher power-to-volume ratio and lower losses, and are suitable for constructing DC distribution networks or as microgrids. The power conversion device will bring revolutionary changes to the active and low voltage active distribution networks and microgrids. 4) High-strength, low-cost environment-friendly insulation technology and superconducting transmission technology. The development and application of such technologies will transform traditional transmission lines and equipment. Among them, the development of high breakdown field strength, high nonlinearity, high and low temperature resistance, and tracking resistance insulation materials technology can improve the long-term safety of equipment, realize the miniaturization of electrical equipment, and significantly improve the working performance of electrical equipment. Harmonious development of the environment; superconducting power transmission will provide a new low-loss, large-capacity, long-distance power transmission solution for the power grid in the future. Technologies such as superconducting current limiting and superconducting energy storage will significantly improve the operation of the power grid. Safety and reliability. 5) A new generation of artificial intelligence technology. Based on ubiquitous sensors and advanced ICT technologies, and with IoT, big data, cloud computing, deep learning, and blockchain as the core, artificial intelligence technology is rapidly developing. The potential for applications in areas such as power system equipment management and system control, energy management, and trading may subvert the traditional approach and open up a new kind of automatic, autonomous new model that will contribute to the safety, economy, and reliability of new generation power systems. Increased sex. For example, the future of distributed photovoltaics, uncertainties in the replacement of electrical energy, and uncertainty in the space-time of electric vehicles will introduce more variables. Traditional analysis methods will face many challenges in system scheduling, transaction methods, and energy management. Artificial intelligence will be Effective measures to solve this type of problem. The development of the above-mentioned aspects of technology will have a major impact on the future power system's form, operation scheduling, and market trading patterns. Of course, the development and application of these technologies are inextricably linked with market demands. Economic efficiency must be taken into consideration. Only technologies and equipment that have sufficient market competitiveness can be widely used and developed. The development of a new generation of power systems will be a long-term process. Therefore, in addition to the above technologies, new and significant technological directions may emerge during this period. This requires that in the construction of a new generation of power systems must fully consider the potential areas of technological innovation, to maintain the ability to accept new technologies and timely adjustment of the relevant aspects of the system. Green Mobile Concrete Mixing Plants
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